Historical Railway by Ingramsl: Episode 4 Steam engine used in the State Railway of Thailand

[Ingramsl]

Hello...

Things to know now Will be a story about a steam engine in the past that had been used in the SRT from the writings of In the book "Summary of the 72nd anniversary of the State Railway of Thailand", which has a few interesting things Both history And related technical aspects of locomotive equipment The Department of Railways in the past had considered and determined that it was important to install In order to maximize the efficiency of each model of the steam engine ordered Until changed to be the duty of a diesel locomotive (Dieselization) that is the main force of SRT today

In such writings Will not include the steam engine that is used on the Mae Klong and other railway lines

Although the prosperity of the locomotive in the "ashes era" has passed by time But the importance of that steam engine Will remain in the hearts of those who love trains, like us.

 

Steam locomotive

By the mechanic department State Railway of Thailand

 

The locomotive used in the state railway business is the first or the first model, which is a steam engine used in the standard size. Which the Department of Railways has used in the construction and switching of 2 cars in the year 1893, but then there was a steam engine using the increase Is a locomotive that has been used for the construction of the railway that continues And use it as a switched locomotive As well as using the towing of the train in the route that opened the car

These steam engines Is a locomotive that is used internationally in that era Which after the train of the world has been born for many years Therefore has been developed well When first used A locomotive with a tank and a fuel storage tank (Tank Locomotive) There are different towing capacity as appropriate for the vehicle to be towed. The fuel used Presumably should have used firewood as fuel before

The locomotives that have been used since the opening of the train until 1921 have the type and characteristics of account 1.

 

According to the above account, it appears that The locomotive used in the first standard wide format Not yet determined to have the standard of the locomotive and equipment to be sure to go out later. The locomotive uses both 2 sizes of the way that are supplied in the same or similar time. Began to have the standard of the car and equipment up During that time, the use of coughing is bringing more steam in the radiator to get more heat. Will make the steam dry Without water mist And reduce condensation when affecting the cooler things To help the locomotive have more energy And save money using It is popular with locals of foreign trains.

 

Therefore, the locomotive that ordered the model 209 and 401 therefore used I-Dong. And install the throttle device according to Schmitt's system as the first model instead of using live vapor Is the steam that originated from the radiator that is used with the general locomotive Therefore showing the next step in improving the locomotive of the Department of Railways Moreover The tongue opening is also different from other models. The Puppet valve is used instead of the sliding tongue. And the tongue opening mechanism uses the Lance's model

In addition, will notice that Due to the need to have high traction to use for towing heavy cargo cars, these two models are large, heavy, especially for the weight to push down the drive axle higher. Causing the locomotive to have a lot of traction

 

For the Model 151 (E class) locomotive used in the 1 meter southern line which was procured during 1913 - 1921. It was almost as a standard locomotive in those days. And towing the train and the goods Later, when the express train had been used, these 2 locomotives were towed to make the locomotive more powerful. Can be balanced with the weight and length of the locomotive. This type E has some vehicles equipped with throttle equipment according to Schmitt's system. And install the tongue And the capty valve opening mechanism

After the Department of Railways has converted the standard width into a 1 meter wide general line Starting in the year 1920, the official has supplied a 1 meter locomotive to use all of the following 2 accounts, and have modified the standard locomotive number 209, 210, 401 and the water tank locomotive No. 51. - 56 can be used in a 1-meter way, because while converting the rail size Still a little old The car condition is still good. The other standard size locomotive models Have a long life Can not be adapted to use on a 1 meter scale

 

The locomotive that has been used in this era Has been improved, that is, a large locomotive High efficiency With traction or high energy And with higher speeds In this regard, the standard of the locomotive, conveyor, and equipment has been established as a primary supply. In order for the locomotive to have features that are suitable for use and maintenance. Conveniently, even though these locomotives are built by different builders, they have similar characteristics and features. Have similar capabilities Various types of locomotives That is supplied from the same builder, requiring certain devices such as radiators and some devices to be switched between each other Making it convenient for maintenance and supply of spare parts

(Please click to enlarge the table)

 

According to account 2, it can be seen that the authorities have used the locomotive to use as a power vehicle. There are only 4 types of trailers and there are mostly. -

 

1. Mikado type (2-8-2) used to tow heavy vehicles in both flat and mountain routes Car in the mountains And heavy-duty vehicles in both the flat and mountain Because there are small wheels and a lot of Causing high traction

 

2. Pacific type (4-6-2) used for towing passenger cars both express and fast Light-weight car in the flat Because there is a large wheel And there are fewer Making it possible to drag the train quickly

 

3. Consolidation type (2-8-0) used to tow the train. Cargo cars in the mountains Especially the Northern Railway from Uttaradit to Chiang Mai Which has a way to lay through the mountains almost all the way There is a very steep part. Some episodes have a steep slope of up to 25 in 1,000.

 

4. Articulated Locomotive (2-8-2 + 2-8-2), which is the 451 model, is another type of locomotive that the Department of Railways has used to tow train cars. Heavy in the northeast mountains at Kaeng Khoi-Pak Chong, which has a maximum slope of 24 in 1,000, this car is a suitable locomotive to use in the mountains. Which can be considered as bringing 2 types of Mikado cars to be attached But using a single locomotive Causing the locomotive to have a lot of traction Other features There is a large radiator producing a lot of steam. Use i-dong, with the device of sneezing, Schmidt's system Returning vehicles, changing symptoms, used by steam engines rather than by hand And the machine that was purchased after 2 cars was improved to improve some components, for example, Install Nicholson Thermic Syphon device for quick steam generation And have good performance Extend the fireplace In order to have a lot of heat

 

In the technique of constructing the above locomotive, it appears that The vehicle of the locomotive built in the US and Japan There is a structure of the president is a type of bar (Bar type) according to the American method. Which is different from the locomotive built by European companies Which is popular with the design of the chair structure, which is a plate type

 

[Ingramsl]

About the pump houses of various types of locomotives Generally, it is a two-cylinder model. Which is installed outside the president's frame, beside each cylinder But with the Mikado Locomotive No. 303-306, the Pacific Locomotive Model No. 226-251 and Model 260-282, is a 3-cylinder type, which is mounted outside the main frame of each side. And in the middle between the 1 cylinder president's structure, it can be seen that the 3-cylinder locomotive has more advantages than the 2-cylinder locomotive because of the constant rotation force As well as traction as much as possible to cause minimal damage to the way But the disadvantage is that it is not convenient for maintenance

 

Mikado type locomotive, Model No. 380-447 and Pacific type, Model No. 283-292, built by various companies In japan On behalf of the Japan Locomotive Builders Association Has been improved to other models According to the progress of the locomotive engineering course, for example, the water pump is attached to the water pot Only the Pacific type locomotive also has a smoke deflector installed. The transport truck has expanded the capacity to carry more water and firewood. It turns out that this model is more efficient than previous models.

 

During the Second World War, the Royal State Railway of Siam suffered considerable damage to railway and building equipment. When the war ended Therefore it appears that the Department of Railways lacks locomotives and wheels that will continue to use public service in the same state 68 trains (Model No. 380-447) to alleviate such shortages These locomotives are the type of Mikado (2-8-2), which is especially known in the United Nations industry. The "MacArthur" locomotive is a locomotive built by various companies in the United States According to the specific items set by the US military

In addition, he received the remaining vehicles from the Japanese war. Which is used in this South East Asia 50 vehicles, namely the Japanese locomotive, model number 701-746 (C-56) and model number 761- 764 (C-58) Which the Japanese side used in Thailand during the 18 other wars, which is the number 801 (the former owner called the "P" model)

 

Later in the year 1949, according to the railway restoration project The authorities purchased a steam engine from various builders. In Japan, 50 cars and 50 cars in the next year, a Mikado and Pacific locomotive Same as the locomotive that had been purchased from Japan before World War II, as mentioned above. But have improved some things more appropriately

This 100 locomotives may be considered the last steam engine that will be used in the State Railway of Thailand as a result of the railway. There is a policy to bring diesel locomotive to use instead of a steam engine.

In about three-fourths of the century, steam engines have been improved, especially for various devices. According to many updates From the invention of the inventor In terms of performance Although the locomotive has been improved to be larger and better performance But can be done within a limited scope Because the railway of the railway There is a limit of only 10.5 metric tons per vehicle at that time. If it is higher then The performance of the locomotive will be higher, such as towing the car a lot. Higher speed And have a far radius

 

From the beginning These steam engines use firewood as fuel. Therefore may count that the railway Is one of the largest firewood users in the country But not a proud thing Because the forests that are national resources will become depleted since they are used as firewood. The railways are aware of the importance of conserving the forests of the country and contributing to other reasons. Therefore set up a plan to stop using all the steam engines By using a diesel locomotive instead Henceforth

Steam locomotives that have been used and benefited for humanity in rail transport The day will be gone from the Thai train. Including from the world Because the trains in many countries have also stopped using steam engines

Remains as a memorial to see and remember is to keep in the museum. Including storing in large stations along the route as the railway Have been in practice today It may be regrettable that those who are friendly of the railway business will not see the strong, powerful but beautiful steam locomotive, the nickname "Iron Horse". The steam locomotive may have greatly reduced the impression that people who used to be a train person because the steam locomotive helped to make a sense of heart to those who were mixed with discipline. Minds that work together as a team Giving attention and dedication to work, however, is generally accepted in the world that The steam engine is the symbol of the railway business. It will be something to remember.

........................

Thank you

- State Railway of Thailand

- Mechanic Department State Railway of Thailand

- Book "Celebration of the Royal Railway 50 years", Railway Department, 1947

- Book "Memorial of the 72nd Anniversary of the State Railway of Thailand, 1896 - 1969"

- Books "Locomotive and Historical Trailers", State Railway of Thailand, 1991

 

Good bye

 

 

 

 

 

Edited April 21, 2019 by Ingramsl